Germanic Kingdoms unite with Charlemagne
- middle ages - medieval period
- 500-1500 ad
- medieval Europe is fragmented
A. invasions trigger changes in western Europe
1. invasions and constant warfare spark new trends
a. disruption of trade
i. Europe cities are no longer economic centers
ii. money is scarce
b. downfall of cities
i. cities are no longer centers of administration
c. population shifts
i. nobles retreat to the rural areas
ii. cities don't have strong leadership
2. decline of learning
a. Germanic invaders are illiterate, but they communicate through oral traditions
b. only priests and church officials could read and write
c. knowledge of Greek is almost lost
3. loss of common language
a. dialects develop in different regions
b. by the 800s, french, Spanish, other roman based languages are evolving from Latin
B. Germanic kingdoms emerge
1. the concept of government changes
a. roman society: loyal to public government
b. Germanic society: loyal to family
i. Germanic chief led warriors
ii. during peace, he provided food, weapons, treasure, a place to live
iii. during wartime, warriors fought for the lord
c. the franks live in the Roman province of Gaul - their leader is Clovis
2. the franks under Clovis
a. another battlefield conversion
b. Clovis and 3000 of his warriors are baptized by the bishop
c. the church in Rome approves of this alliance
d. Clovis and the church begin to work together
C. Germanic people adopt Christianity
1. pope Gregory expands papal power
a. papacy = popes office
b. secular power = worldly power
c. under Gregory the great
2. 511 ad - Clovis unites Franks into one kingdom
3. 600 ad - church + Frankish rulers convert many
4. fear of Muslims
5. monasteries and convents
a. 520 AD - Benedict wrote the rules for monks and monasteries
i. poverty, chastity, obedience, study
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